Prisoners with Special Needs free essay sample

A special need inmate has a physical or mental disability that limits their capacity to function in the normal inmate population. The United States is made up of individuals of all walks of life. The prisoners held in American prisons are no different. The United States prison system does not discriminated among its prisoners. These prisoners may have physical or mental disabilities however, if they committed a crime and are sentenced to spend time in prison then that is where they go. The fact is these inmates have special needs and are not special. They have been incarcerated for a reason. The most common special needs prisoners are mentally ill inmates. Mental disabilities are subdivided into three general categories, developmental disabilities, learning disabilities, and mental illness (Silka Hauser, 1997). Developmental disabilities are referred to as mentally retarded. Intelligence is measured by IQ, someone with developmental disabilities has an According to Silka and Hauser (1997) â€Å"IQ of less than 100. We will write a custom essay sample on Prisoners with Special Needs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mild mental retardation has an IQ of 51-69, moderate mental retardation is an IQ of 35-50, severe is an IQ 20-35, and profound is 20 and below† (p. Levels of severity, Table 1). Mentally ill inmates are classified into two categories, emotional disturbances, and personality disorders. Some mental disorders commonly found in prison are paranoia, depression, hypochondria, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders. It is the job of corrections officers to get these individuals medical treatment (Silka Hauser, 1997). A lack of family relationships, education, and employment related skills can further criminal activity. Federal and state levels have a hard time finding the funds to treat the mentally ill who have been incarcerated. Many times mentally ill inmates go undiagnosed or their needs are not met because corrections officers do not know how to handle them. If these offenders are not properly cared for their physical and mental state will deteriorate. This causes them to be much more of a burden on society and the prison system financially (National center for biotechnology information, u. s. national library of medicine, 2013). The aging population of inmates accounts for 20% of the entire prison population. Inmates are required to serve 85% of their sentence before they can be released. Life sentences are used for often than before (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). Discretion of the judge has been taken away because of mandatory sentencing. Without mandatory sentencing the judge could his discretion and sentence these aging offenders to another sentence other than incarceration (Seiter, p, 223, 2011). The cost to care for an elderly inmate is three times more than the average inmate or $60,000 a year. Policies are needed specifically geared toward the elderly to help care for them (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). Juveniles 18 and younger are committing more violent crimes. For this reason Legislation is being sought after to try juveniles as adults. These offenders have been sentenced as an adult and are held in adult prisons but, are developmentally immature. An issue to consider is, segregation of the juvenile, staff specifically trained, and educational programs available. Also treatment programs must be available and designed for the youth (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). Drug offenders account for many offenders in prison. These offenders have a history of drug use and abuse. Many of the offenders have a history of drug use and abuse, have physical addictions, or drug related illnesses. The need for drugs and drug use is a contributor of crime and needs to be treated while incarcerated. Issues to consider when moving an offender into a facility is there should be a variety of drug treatment programs available, specialized treatment for drug related illnesses, and mental health treatment (CJi Interactive, University of Phoenix, 2011). The Monroe Correctional Complex offers a Sexual Offender Treatment Program. Of the offenders that complete this program seven percent return to prison. It is estimated that 95 % of sentenced sex offenders in prison return to the community. Treatment for offenders is one element to an all-inclusive attempt to expand community safety. According to Department of Corrections Washington State (2012), â€Å"The Monroe Correctional Complex believes treatment for sex offenders is a key component of its Reentry Initiative. The Reentry Initiative is designed to help offenders begin to receive the treatments, education, and job training they need in prison so they can return to society making choices that will keep them out of prison† (para. 1, 2, 3). According to Department of Corrections Washington State (2012), â€Å"The Monroe Correctional Complex has three main goals: 1. Help offenders learn to reduce and manage risk. 2. Provide information to help the department and its community partners monitor and manage offenders more effectively. â€Å"Group therapy’s goals are to help offenders: Take responsibility for assaultive behavior Learn how to understand their patterns (cycles) of criminal behavior Learn relapse prevention and other management skills to reduce risk of reoffense Learn the attitudes, thinking skills and behaviors needed to safely reside in the community Prepare to learn new skills and knowledge† According to Department of Corrections Washington State (2012), â€Å"Additional classes and sessions address sexual deviancy, life skills and other topics. Offenders vary widely in their motivation and commitment to change. Treatment is likely to be successful to the extent that the offender is able to: Recognize and understand the factors that contributed to his or her offense(s). Monitor themselves and their environment to detect changes indicating that their risk to reoffend is increasing. Develop the skills necessary to intervene, manage and reduce risky behavior Remain willing and able to apply monitoring and intervention skills in a timely and effective manner, including seeking outside assistance when necessary† (para. 9, 10, 11) In conclusion, The Monroe Correctional Complex sex offender program has been successful. Only seven percent of offenders who have completed the program return to prison. There is a waiting list and criteria to qualify for the programming and are taken on a case-by-case basis. More of these types of programs need to be used to reduce the recidivism.

How to Write a Research Essay on Celtic Christianity

How to Write a Research Essay on Celtic Christianity The research paper is a one which is based on research, as the name suggests. If you are searching for interesting ways to start a research paper on Celtic Christianity, look over these useful tips: The first tip is to select a good topic related to Celtic Christianity. No matter what your idea might be, chances are, multiple articles have already been written about the broad subject matter and as such you need to focus your efforts on a much more precise question or a much more precise statement. You want to take a few words, one or two, from your broad subject or idea and replace it with something that is more specific. By replacing one or two words with something more specific you can create a much more precise topic. For example, rather than researching soil nutrients you can research one specific nutrient such as phosphorus and rather than researching organic matter you can research one particular type of organic matter such as food waste. By adding a few more specific words you can make your topic much more concise and you can convert it into a complete sentence which will function as your thesis statement. You want to make this statement as precise and arguable as possible. Once you have your topic on Celtic Christianity, it is time to find a more specific thesis, something which is guided invisibly by the decision to narrow down and refine your topic. You want this thesis statement to be something which tells the reader exactly what the purpose of your work is in a single statement. You should not have a thesis that goes beyond one or two sentences no matter how large the overall assignment is. Craft a striking introduction. The thesis is important, but it sits at the end of the introduction and the introduction is perhaps one of the most important parts of the essay on Celtic Christianity because it is the first thing a reader sees. In many cases it is recommended that you spend roughly 20% of your effort on the introduction compared to the other components involved in your writing. The reason for this is simple: you want to open with a striking statistic, fact, or otherwise awe inspiring quotation from an expert in your field so that you can grab the attention of your reader and really hook them. Without this hook you won’t get them to keep reading the remainder of your work, and all the efforts you would’ve had put into the writing will be wasted. Use the Right Citation Format Look over your syllabus for information on which citation format you should use. Your teacher may not have included what they expect from you in the assignment details because they had posted it in the syllabus. If you have this opportunity, you should note that typically, research based writing is more scientific in nature. It often requires you to conduct a literature review, present your findings, and explain how you came to those findings. As such, the most appropriate formatting method for this situation will more often than not be APA. However, if you are more comfortable with another style and have the freedom to select that style, feel free to do it. We hope this guide will help you make a great essay. Don’t forget to check our 20 topics for a research essay on Celtic Christianity as well as our set of 10 facts for one of such topics. If you need professional writing assistance from experts you can buy research paper at CustomWritings writing service.